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Marketing as a concept has evolved significantly over time in India. In ancient times, marketing was primarily based on word-of-mouth, where people would spread information about products and services to others in their community.
During the medieval period, the concept of marketing evolved with the establishment of trade centers and bazaars. Traders and merchants would travel long distances to bring goods from different parts of the country and sell them in the marketplaces.
The British colonial rule in India brought about a significant change in the marketing landscape. The British introduced modern marketing techniques, such as advertising, branding, and packaging, to sell their products in the Indian market. This led to the emergence of modern retail stores, such as Spencer's and Croma, which are still popular today.
After independence, the Indian government played a significant role in shaping the marketing system. The government introduced the concept of the Public Distribution System (PDS), which aimed to provide essential commodities at subsidized rates to the masses.
The liberalization of the Indian economy in 1991 brought about a significant change in the marketing system. Foreign companies were allowed to enter the Indian market, leading to the emergence of multinational companies such as Coca-Cola and McDonald's. This led to the growth of modern retail formats, such as hypermarkets and supermarkets.
Today, digital marketing is gaining prominence in India. With the increasing use of smartphones and the internet, companies are leveraging digital platforms such as social media and search engines to reach out to their customers. The emergence of e-commerce platforms such as Amazon and Flipkart has further boosted the growth of digital marketing in India.
Overall, the marketing system in India has undergone significant changes over the years, and it will continue to evolve with the changing times and consumer preferences.
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Marketing systems in India have evolved over time, and there have been different types of marketing systems in different periods of history. Here are some examples:
Barter System: In ancient India, barter was the prevalent system of trade. People would exchange goods for other goods of equal value without the use of money.
Local Markets: In the medieval period, local markets called "haats" or "bazaars" emerged, where traders would gather to sell their goods. These markets were usually held in open spaces and were organized on specific days of the week.
Guilds: During the Mughal period, guilds or associations of traders and merchants emerged. These guilds would regulate trade and commerce, and provide a sense of security to traders.
British Era: During the British rule in India, modern marketing systems began to emerge. The British introduced the concept of departmental stores, chain stores, and mail order catalogs.
Post-Independence: After India gained independence in 1947, the government introduced a planned economy, which led to the establishment of government-owned marketing organizations like the State Trading Corporation (STC) and the National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of India (NAFED).
Contemporary Era: In recent years, India has seen the rise of e-commerce platforms, which have revolutionized the way people buy and sell goods. Online marketplaces like Amazon, Flipkart, and Snapdeal have become popular among Indian consumers. Social media platforms like Facebook and Instagram are also being used by businesses to promote their products and services.
